Pollen Types Used by the Native Stingless Bee, Tetragonisca angustula (Latreille), in an Amazon-Chiquitano Transitional Forest of Bolivia.

Samples of corbicular and stored pollen gathered by Tetragonisca angustula (Latreille, 1811) in an Amazon-Chiquitano transitional forest during the dry season were analyzed. The pollen spectrum was established as well as the dynamics of the relationship between the stingless bee and the surrounding flora. Pollen samples obtained from three rational hives were subjected to acetolysis and 55 pollen types were identified, the most frequent being from Anadenanthera (Fabaceae), Chenopodiaceae, and Dydimopanax (Araliaceae). Significant differences in pollen families used between hives along the months of collection were found in stored pollen and non-significant differences in corbicular pollen. Mean values of alpha diversity (H') showed T. angustula as a generalist while beta diversity qualitatively showed that pollen composition was similar between two hives both of which differed from the third hive. Pollen types in corbicular and stored pollen were in general related with richness of flowering plants in the foraging area; the pollen offer was less diverse than the pollen collected, and a trend to prefer the collection of pollen from the most abundant flowering species could be discerned. T. angustula showed polylectic feeding habits and a capacity to adapt to food availability.

Influence of the curing mode on fluoride ion release of self-adhesive resin luting cements in water or during pH-cycling regimen.

This study evaluated the effects of curing modes and storage conditions on fluoride release of resin cements. In phase 1, the cumulative fluoride release rate from samples of the resin cements (Panavia F 2.0, RelyX Unicem, MaxCem, and BisCem) was quantified after 15 days storage in water (n=4). In phase 2, the fluoride release profiles from the same materials were analyzed during pH cycling (n=4). In this second phase, fluoride was measured at specific times (one, two, three, five, eight, and 15 days). Disk-shaped specimens were prepared (10 mm × 0.5 mm), and the materials were either light activated or allowed to autopolymerize. For both phases, the fluoride release was measured using a fluoride ion-specific electrode. The fluoride release in water was not affected by the curing mode of RelyX Unicem and Maxcem resin cements. Panavia F. 2.0 and BisCem resin cements, either light cured or autopolymerized modes, released higher amounts of fluoride in water than the other self-adhesive cements. In phase 2, the concentration of fluoride released decreased from the first day of pH cycling until the 15th day for all resin cements, for both curing modes, regardless of the storage solution used (demineralizing/remineralizing). The fluoride release rate during pH cycling by Panavia F 2.0 and MaxCem was not affected by the curing mode. The effect of the curing mode on fluoride ion release in water or during pH cycling was product dependent.

Male wing fanning by the aphid parasitoid Aphidius ervi (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) produces a courtship song.

We, herein, report evidence that wing fanning by the aphid parasitoid Aphidius ervi Haliday (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) constitutes a courtship song. Complete removal of the forewings or only the distal half of them reduced male copulation success in comparison to intact males. Males that achieved copulation within the observation period produced wing fanning at a higher rate than males that did not copulate. Playback of wing fanning sound altered the behaviour of virgin females, increasing the time they devoted to grooming, as compared with subjects that were exposed to silence or white noise. Our findings contribute to the understanding of the acoustic dimension of the sensory modalities employed by this aphid parasitoid in sexual signalling.

Tiempo libre y espacios sociales en personas de 50-93 años / Leisure and social Spaces in 50-93 years old people

A medida que las personas envejecen aumentasu tiempo libre, esto como consecuencia de lajubilación especialmente para el hombre y en lamujer como consecuencia del cambio de la estructuray dinámica familiar.Estas actividades de tiempo libre pueden serindividuales o grupales, en este caso se requierende espacios sociales comunitarios.Los datos presentados forman parte de la tesisdoctoral “Distribución y Percepción del tiempoen adultos de 50-93 años de diferentes entornosculturales”; presentado en octubre de 2004 en laUniversidad de Granada. Empleando un diseñodescriptivo correlacional y transcultural, se demuestraa través del análisis de ANOVA la existenciade diferencia con significación estadísticaentre el tiempo distribuido por los adultos en diversasactividades de ocio, entre Granada y Antofagasta,en todas ellas las personas mayoresutilizan más tiempo en la primera ciudad; en lacual existen mayores espacios sociales para eldesarrollo de estas actividades

As the people age increases of the free time,this as a result of the retirement especially for theman and in the woman as a result of the changeof the structure and familiar dynamics. These activitiesof free time can be individual or group; inthis case they require themselves of communitariansocial spaces.The displayed data comprise of the doctoralthesis “Distribution and Perception of the time in50- adults 93 years of different cultural surroundings”;displayed in October of the 2004 in theUniversity of Granada. Using a corelational andtranscultural descriptive design, the existence ofdifference with statistical meaning between the timedistributed by the adults in diverse activitiesof leisure is demonstrated through the ANOVA,between Granada and Antofagasta, in the all ofthem greater people use more time in the firstcity; in which greater social spaces for the developmentof these activities exist

La educación para la salud como alternativa para retardar odisminuir la dependencia / Health promotion as an alternative method to decrease dependency

La percepción del estado de salud y los factores que la modifican deberían orientar la educación para la salud, con esta base se analizan algunas variables. En esta muestra de 2.460 personas de 65-80 años, la presencia de enfermedades modifica la percepción de salud (X2 144,864 p = ,000) no así, las conductas personales que inciden sobre la misma, planteamos que esto corresponde al modelo biomédico. La edad, el nivel de estudios, el sexo, alcanzan significancia estadística en su relación con la autopercepcion de salud. Finalmente se esbozan lineamientos teóricos para la educación de personas mayores (AU)

Molecular and clinical characterization of a patient with a chromosome 4p deletion, Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome, and congenital glaucoma.

Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome is a developmental disorder associated with hemizygous deletion of the distal short arm of chromosome 4. We have identified a patient affected with Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome and early onset glaucoma. Five other patients with Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome and early onset glaucoma or ocular anomalies associated with early onset glaucoma have been previously described, suggesting that the association with Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome is not coincidental. The infrequent association of early onset glaucoma suggests that the chromosomal region commonly deleted in Wolf-Hirschhorn patients does not contain genes responsible for early onset glaucoma. In this study, we performed a molecular characterization of the deleted chromosome 4 to determine the extent of the deletion in an attempt to begin to identify the chromosomal region responsible for the associated glaucoma. Using microsatellite repeat markers located on 4p, we determined that the deletion spanned a 60-cM region including the minimal Wolf-Hirschhorn region. The proximal breakpoint occurred between markers D4S3045 and D4S2974. These results support the hypothesis that patients with Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome and early onset glaucoma may have large deletions of 4p that include a gene(s) that may be responsible for a dominant form of congenital glaucoma.

Diagnóstico pré-natal por punçäo da vilosidade coriônica / Prenatal diagnosis by chorionic villus sampling

Resultado de 129 punçöes da vilosidade coriônica para diagnóstico pré-natal no primeiro trimestre de gestaçäo. Os métodos de rotina par preparaçäo direta, preparaçäo de 24 horas e cultura de longa duraçäo, bem como as indicaçöes säo descritos detalhadamente. Tendo em vista a precocidade desse exame e alto sucesso de técnica (97,4%), pode-se concluir pela sua aceitabilidade como método complementar de diagnóstico genético pré-natal